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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The Ickleton example is one of the classic=
s, as=20
Mike says. Clerkenwell was another</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>But don't be too judgmental on Cyril Johns=
ton, as=20
the faculty system in its present form wasn't quite as it is now - and had =
only=20
really started to be used for furnishings and fittings and other alteration=
s=20
after the introduction of ecclesiastical exemption in about 1920. It'=
s=20
important to have regard for how the system operated at the time.</FONT></D=
IV>
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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The faculty system has been in use for man=
y=20
centuries, but it wasn't always used for everything. Even major church=20
restorations were carried out without faculties even up to World War I=
. To=20
over-simplify, the system was really used originally where property rights =
were=20
affected - pew ownership etc. Towards the end of the nineteenth centur=
y=20
come diocese started to expect faculty authorisation for memorials and wind=
ows,=20
but even then bell work usually escaped the net</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The period after the establishment of DACs=
and=20
ecclesiastical exemption saw an existing mechanism evolved and adapted to s=
uit a=20
new need - and the strings tightened. The key point is that the class=
ic=20
G&J cases of the 1920s were as much about DACs and chancellors tighteni=
ng=20
their grip as about CFJ acting in a cavalier manner in disregard of the=20
system</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>An over-simplification, as I say, but an i=
nstance=20
of needing to avoid judging the past by the norms of today. </FONT></DIV>
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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>CP</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>