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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The Clerkenwell affair was a bit=20
naughty, whether or not the stories are to be believed. I have a trans=
cript=20
of the Consistory Court hearing (and four years on it was the same Chancell=
or=20
who was to hear the Bow case). There is nothing in the evidence, or in the=
=20
Judgment, which suggests that CFJ told the Rector that the bells had =
been=20
broken up, by mistake, or whatever; and that when the Rector said they=
=20
would just have to be recast, Cyril mopped his brow and turned to an employ=
ee=20
and told him to break up those Clerkenwell bells. There is simply=
no=20
mention of this, and I have come to wonder whether it is one of those stori=
es.=20
The Chancellor did however admonish the Rector and Church Wardens, and Cyri=
l=20
Johnston, for proceeding to the work without a Faculty. They applied only w=
hen=20
it was decided (or whatever) to recast the ring and did not weait even for =
a=20
decision on that.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Of course the result was a ring within a s=
tone's=20
throw of the City which are as near as can be as good as Jewry or as St=20
Dunstan's were (duck).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Alfred Bowell featured in at least one Con=
sistory=20
Court case - at Chalk, Kent. He was actually accused of recasting the=
then=20
three bells; a mistake on the part of the 'expert' involved. He was however=
=20
censured for removing the canons contrary to the terms of the Faculty - "an=
act=20
of wanton vandalism which elewhere would amount to criminal damage"=20
!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>As for bells being necessary for Consecrat=
ion, the=20
theory is yes, the practice no. If I were the Bishop I would of course=
=20
insist on the bell being hung for ringing !</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I'm not.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>DLC</FONT> </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0p=
x; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>Fro=
m:</B>=20
<A href=3D"mailto:c.j.pickford.t21@b..."=20
title=3Dc.j.pickford.t21@b...>CHRIS PICKFORD</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A=20
href=3D"mailto:bellhistorians@yahoogroups.com"=20
title=3Dbellhistorians@yahoogroups.com>bellhistorians@yahoogroups.com</A>=
</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, June 16, 2004 9:3=
3=20
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> [Bell Historians] Faculti=
es (was=20
G&J)</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The Ickleton example is one of the class=
ics, as=20
Mike says. Clerkenwell was another</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>But don't be too judgmental on Cyril Joh=
nston, as=20
the faculty system in its present form wasn't quite as it is now - and ha=
d=20
only really started to be used for furnishings and fittings and other=20
alterations after the introduction of ecclesiastical exemption in about=20
1920. It's important to have regard for how the system operated at =
the=20
time.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The faculty system has been in use for m=
any=20
centuries, but it wasn't always used for everything. Even major church=20
restorations were carried out without faculties even up to World War=
I.=20
To over-simplify, the system was really used originally where property ri=
ghts=20
were affected - pew ownership etc. Towards the end of the nineteenth=
=20
century come diocese started to expect faculty authorisation for memorial=
s and=20
windows, but even then bell work usually escaped the net</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The period after the establishment of DA=
Cs and=20
ecclesiastical exemption saw an existing mechanism evolved and adapted to=
suit=20
a new need - and the strings tightened. The key point is that the=20
classic G&J cases of the 1920s were as much about DACs and chancellor=
s=20
tightening their grip as about CFJ acting in a cavalier manner in disrega=
rd of=20
the system</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>An over-simplification, as I say, but an=
instance=20
of needing to avoid judging the past by the norms of today. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>CP</FONT></DIV><BR></BODY></HTML>