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<DIV>Hi Andrew</DIV>
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<DIV>Thanks for the Tornado metal specs. Don't know about the high percentages of Zinc and Nichol (sic) on your list, but the rest of the elements certainly are in the ballpark for 'Duralumin' alloy, first trademarked in 1910 & used extensively from 1930s onward for aircraft engineering applications. It is corrosion-resistant & strong as steel, but a lot lighter.</DIV>
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<DIV>Was your analysis done as 'strictly chemical' or spectrographic?</DIV>
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<DIV>These days, Duralumin has been supplanted by 2024-T4 alloy, composition percentages as below:</DIV>
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<DIV>Al Aluminium - 90.7 - 94.7%</DIV>
<DIV>Cu Copper - 3.8 - 4.9%</DIV>
<DIV>Zn Zinc - max. 0.25%</DIV>
<DIV>Mg Magnesium - 1.2 - 1.8%</DIV>
<DIV>Si Silicon - max. 0.5%</DIV>
<DIV>Fe Iron - max 0.5%</DIV>
<DIV>Ni Nickel - 0.0%<BR>Pb Lead - 0.0%</DIV>
<DIV>Sn Tin - max. 0.5%</DIV>
<DIV>Ti Titanium - max. 0.15%</DIV>
<DIV>Cr Chrome - max. 0.1%</DIV>
<DIV>Other - max. 0.05%</DIV>
<DIV>Total other - max. 0.5%</DIV>
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<DIV>2024-T4 and 2024-T351 alloys are still currently used for some aircraft parts, but also for production of professional orchestral vibraphone tonebars. I use 2024-T4 all the time for making such bars for carillon practice claviers - the stuff rings like crazy.</DIV>
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<DIV>I'm not sure whether the scope of (art)works for casting the Tornado remnants into a bell include judicious adjustments to the melt, but with an extra 1.0-1.5% copper added, you might get a pretty decent sounding bell, particularly with heat treatment. </DIV>
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<DIV>Good luck & let us know how it turns out!</DIV>
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<DIV>Regards,</DIV>
<DIV>Timothy Hurd</DIV>
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<B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">From:</SPAN></B> Andrew Higson <andrew.higson@zJwgux_HCie5tAe84fdEaAgYcWdpG30L54ThyUu_i0KHl7L3meqlqUiIOKz6yaQYs2KT8kfniN3sPLQ7jEfmjQzE.yahoo.invalid><BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">To:</SPAN></B> bellhistorians@yahoogroups.com<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Sent:</SPAN></B> Sat, 26 June, 2010 12:25:35 AM<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Subject:</SPAN></B> [Bell Historians] FW: Aluminimum bells<BR></FONT><BR><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none"> </SPAN>
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<P class=MsoNormal><FONT color=blue size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">We now have the spec for the aluminium from the melted down tornado:</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal><FONT color=blue size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">90.92% Aluminium<BR>3% Copper<BR>3% Zinc<BR>0.46% Magnesium<BR>0.89% Silicon<BR>0.69% Iron<BR>0.86% Nichol<BR>0.01% Lead<BR>0.01% Tin<BR>0.08% Titanium<BR>0.08% Chrome</SPAN></FONT><FONT color=blue face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="COLOR: blue"></SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal><FONT color=blue size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Andrew Higson</SPAN></FONT><FONT color=blue><SPAN style="COLOR: blue"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT color=blue size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">John Taylor & Co.</SPAN></FONT><FONT color=blue><SPAN style="COLOR: blue"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT color=blue size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">The Bellfoundry</SPAN></FONT><FONT color=blue><SPAN style="COLOR: blue"></SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal><FONT color=blue size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Loughborough</SPAN></FONT><FONT color=blue><SPAN style="COLOR: blue"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT color=blue size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">LE11 1AR</SPAN></FONT><FONT color=blue><SPAN style="COLOR: blue"></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=blue size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Telephone: 01509 212241 Fax: 01509 263305 Registered in England No. 7032766</SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
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<P class=MsoNormal><B><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold" lang=EN-US>From:</SPAN></FONT></B><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" lang=EN-US> Andrew Higson <BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Sent:</SPAN></B> 23 June 2010 08:17<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">To:</SPAN></B> ' bellhistorians@ yahoogroups. com '<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Subject:</SPAN></B> Aluminimum bells</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></P></DIV>
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<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">We are in the process of making a 60” diameter bell – how exciting I hear you cry – however it is to be cast in aluminium (aloominum for foreign correspondents) as it is for display rather than hearing.</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">I can’t find any fact or figures about aluminium bells to say whether this is the largest – anyone out there know?</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Thanks</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> </SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Andrew Higson</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">John Taylor & Co.</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">The Bellfoundry</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Freehold Street</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Loughborough</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">LE11 1AR</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3 face="Baskerville Old Face"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Telephone: 01509 212241 Fax: 01509 263305 Registered in England No. 7032766</SPAN></FONT></P>
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